Description
Wiley Understanding Clinical Papers 2021 Edition by David Bowers
Understanding Clinical Papers is a popular and well established introduction to reading clinical papers. It unravels the process of evidence-based practice, using real papers to illustrate how to understand and evaluate published research, and it goes on to provide explanations of important research-related topics. Table of Contents : Preface to the First EditionPreface to the Second EditionPreface to the Third EditionPreface to the Fourth EditionPART I SETTING THE SCENE: WHO DID WHAT, AND WHY1 Some Preliminaries2 The Abstract and Introduction3 The Aims and ObjectivesPART II DESIGN MATTERS: WHAT TYPE OF STUDY IS IT?4 Descriptive Studies: Qualitative5 Descriptive Studies: Quantitative6 Analytic Studies7 Intervention Studies8 Mixed Methods Research9 Studies of Complex Interventions10 Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 11 Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies PART III THE CAST: FINDING OUT ABOUT THE SUBJECTS OF THE RESEARCH12 The Research Setting13 Populations and samples 14 Research Using Already-Collected Data15Sampling for Qualitative Research16 Identifying and Defining Cases17 Controls and ComparisonsPART IV ESTABLISHING THE FACTS: STARTING WITH BASIC OBSERVATIONS18 Identifying the Characteristics of Quantitative Data19 Summarising the Characteristics of Quantitative Data20 Identifying and Summarising the Characteristics of Qualitative Data 21 Measuring the Characteristics of Participants: Quantitative22 Measuring the Characteristics of Participants: Qualitative23 Measuring the Characteristics of Measures24 Measurement Scales25 Exploring and Explaining: Topic GuidesPART V ESTABLISHING MORE OF THE FACTS: SOME COMMON WAYS OF DESCRIBING RESULTS26 Fractions, Proportions, and Rates27 Risks and Odds28 Ratios of Risks and Odds PART VI ANALYSING THE DATA: ESTIMATION AND HYPOTHESIS TESTING29 Confidence Intervals for Means, Proportions, and Medians30 Confidence Intervals for Ratios31 Testing Hypotheses - the p-ValuePART VII ANALYSING THE DATA: MULTIVARIABLE METHODS32 Measuring Association33 Measuring Agreement34 Linear Regression35 Logistic Regression36 Poisson Regression37 Measuring Survival38 Analysing Qualitative DataPART VIII READING BETWEEN THE LINES: HOW AUTHORS USE TEXT, TABLES AND PICTURES TO TELL YOU THE STORY39 Results in Text and Tables 40 Results in Pictures41 The Discussion and ConclusionsReferencesIndex