Science And Technology For Disposal Of Radioactive Tank Wastes 1998 Edition

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Springer Science And Technology For Disposal Of Radioactive Tank Wastes 1998 Edition by Wallace W. Shulz Nicholas J. Lombardo

Radioactive wastes resulting from over 40 years of production of nuclear weapons in the U. S. are currently stored in 273 underground tanks at the U. S. Department of Energy Hanford site Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Oak Ridge Reservation and Savannah River site. Combined tanks at these sjtes contain approximately 94000000 gallons of waste in a variety of forms including liquid concrete-like salt cake and various sludges. More than 730000000 curies of several radioactive isotopes are present in the underground tanks. Certainly one of the greatest challenges facing the U. S. Department of Energy is how to characterize retrieve treat and immobilize the great variety of tank wastes in a safe timely and cost-effective manner. For several years now the U. S. Department of Energy has initiated and sponsored scientific and engineering studies tests and demonstrations to develop the myriad of technologies required to dispose of the radioactive tank wastes. In recent times much of the Department of Energy R&D activities concerning tank wastes have been closely coordinated and organized through the Tanks Focus Area (IF A); responsibility for technical operations of the TF A has been assigned to the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Table of contents : Disposal Strategies and Technology Needs: Overview of U.S. Radioactive Tank Problem; T.L. Stewart et al. Science Needs for Tank Waste Remediation; J.P. LaFemina. Tanks Focus Area: Technology Program to Meet DOE's Tank Waste Clean-Up Needs; T.M. Brouns et al. Characterization and Retrieval: Comparisons of Historical Process Estimates with Tank Waste Assays; S.F. Agnew. A Risk and Outcome Based Strategy for Justifying Characterization to Resolve Tank Waste Safety Issues; S.D. Colson et al. Tank Waste Pretreatment Processes: Solids Control in Sludge Pretreatment; E.C. Beahm et al. Enhanced Sludge Washing for Pretreating Hanford Tank Sludges; G.J. Lumetta et al. Tank Waste Immobilization Processes and Experience: Startup of Savannah River's Defense Waste Processing Facility to Produce Radioactive Glass; W.M. Bennett H.H. Elder. Grout and Vitrification Formula Development for Immobilization of Hazardous Radioactive Tank Sludges at ORNL; T.M. Gilliam R.D. Spence. Process Control and Monitoring Technology: Detecting 137Cs Breakthrough in an Ion Exchange Process; R.L. Brodzinski et al. Comparative Testing of Slurry Monitors; T.D. Hylton et al. 29 Additional Articles. Index.